MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport)

Das ist ein Projekt mit einem Raspberry PI und zwei Wemos D1 Mini für die Anzeige von zwei Dashboards mit MQTT. Auf dem Raspi ist Node-RED und der MQTT Broker Mosquitto installiert. Der erste Wemos D1 Mini ist mit einem BME280 verbunden und zeigt die Temperatur, die Luftfeuchte und den Luftdruck an. Für das zweite Dashboard ist am zweiten Wemos D1 Mini ist ein LDR, ein Bewegungsmelder, eine LED, ein Relais und ein Dallas Temperatursensor installiert. Beide Dashboards werden mit der Node-RED IP-Adresse aufgerufen.

Hardware

Die Hardware für dieses Projekt:

• Raspberry PI

• Microcontroller 1
• 1 x Wemos D1 Mini
• 1 x BME280

• Microcontroller 2
• 1 x Wemos D1 Mini
• 1 x LED 5mm
• 1 x 330R
• 2 x 10kR
• 1 x DS18B20
• 1 x Mini AM312 PIR
• 1 x LDR
• 1 x 5V/230V Relais

Software

Raspi Programme

• Node-RED
• MQTT Broker Mosquitto

Wemos-Programme

• Programm 1 für Node 1
• Programm 2 für Node 2

Node-RED Flows für den Import in Node-RED

• Flow 1: Temperatur, Luftfeuchte und Luftdruck
• Flow 2: Relais-Switch, PIR-Status, LDR und Temperatur-Kurve

Installation

Auf dem Raspi Node-RED und Mosquitto installieren und starten.

superuser do

Die beiden Flows in Node-RED importieren und mit Mosquitto verbinden (Deploy-Button).
Die C++ Programme in die Arduino IDE kopieren und in die beiden Wemos D1 Minis laden.

• Wemos D1 Mini 1
• Den BME280 an 3,3V und GND anschließen. SDA an D2, SDL an D1.

• Wemos D1 Mini 2
• LDR -> A0
• Relais -> D0
• PIR-> D1
• DS18B20-> D2
• LED -> D6
• Fritzing

Programm

C++ Programm Wemos D1 Mini 1

/*************************************************************************************************
                                      PROGRAMMINFO
**************************************************************************************************
Funktion: WEMOS D1 R2 mini MQTT Node mit BME280
**************************************************************************************************
Version: 14.04.2021
**************************************************************************************************
Board: WEMOS D1 R2 mini
**************************************************************************************************
C++ Arduino IDE V1.8.13
**************************************************************************************************
Einstellungen:
https://dl.espressif.com/dl/package_esp32_index.json
http://dan.drown.org/stm32duino/package_STM32duino_index.json
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/espressif/arduino-esp32/gh-pages/package_esp32_dev_index.json
http://arduino.esp8266.com/stable/package_esp8266com_index.json

**************************************************************************************************
Librarys
AsyncMqttClient.h
ESPTCP.h

**************************************************************************************************

**************************************************************************************************/


#include <Wire.h>
#include <Adafruit_Sensor.h>
#include <Adafruit_BME280.h>
#include <ESP8266WiFi.h>
#include <Ticker.h>
#include <AsyncMqttClient.h>

#define WIFI_SSID "R2-D2"
#define WIFI_PASSWORD "xxx"


#define MQTT_HOST IPAddress(192, 168, 1, 110)
#define MQTT_PORT 1883

// MQTT Topics
#define MQTT_PUB_TEMP "esp/bme280/temperature"
#define MQTT_PUB_HUM "esp/bme280/humidity"
#define MQTT_PUB_PRES "esp/bme280/pressure"

// BME280 I2C
Adafruit_BME280 bme;
// Variables to hold sensor readings
float temp;
float hum;
float pres;

AsyncMqttClient mqttClient;
Ticker mqttReconnectTimer;

WiFiEventHandler wifiConnectHandler;
WiFiEventHandler wifiDisconnectHandler;
Ticker wifiReconnectTimer;

unsigned long previousMillis = 0;
const long interval = 10000;        // Intervall, in dem Sensormesswerte veröffentlicht werden sollen

void connectToWifi() {
  Serial.println("Verbinde mit Wi-Fi...");
  WiFi.begin(WIFI_SSID, WIFI_PASSWORD);
}

void onWifiConnect(const WiFiEventStationModeGotIP& event) {
  Serial.println("Connected to Wi-Fi.");
  connectToMqtt();
}

void onWifiDisconnect(const WiFiEventStationModeDisconnected& event) {
  Serial.println("Disconnected from Wi-Fi.");
  mqttReconnectTimer.detach();
  wifiReconnectTimer.once(2, connectToWifi);
}

void connectToMqtt() {
  Serial.println("Connecting to MQTT...");
  mqttClient.connect();
}

void onMqttConnect(bool sessionPresent) {
  Serial.println("Connected to MQTT.");
  Serial.print("Session present: ");
  Serial.println(sessionPresent);
}

void onMqttDisconnect(AsyncMqttClientDisconnectReason reason) {
  Serial.println("Disconnected from MQTT.");

  if (WiFi.isConnected()) {
    mqttReconnectTimer.once(2, connectToMqtt);
  }
}

void onMqttPublish(uint16_t packetId) {
  Serial.print("Publish acknowledged.");
  Serial.print("  packetId: ");
  Serial.println(packetId);
}

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  Serial.println();

  // Initialize BME280 sensor
  if (!bme.begin(0x76)) {
    Serial.println("Es konnte kein gültiger BME280-Sensor gefunden werden!");
    while (1);
  }

  wifiConnectHandler = WiFi.onStationModeGotIP(onWifiConnect);
  wifiDisconnectHandler = WiFi.onStationModeDisconnected(onWifiDisconnect);

  mqttClient.onConnect(onMqttConnect);
  mqttClient.onDisconnect(onMqttDisconnect);

  mqttClient.onPublish(onMqttPublish);
  mqttClient.setServer(MQTT_HOST, MQTT_PORT);

  // Broker Authentifizierung
  //mqttClient.setCredentials("USER", "PASSWORD");

  connectToWifi();
}

void loop() {
  unsigned long currentMillis = millis();
  // Jede X-Anzahl von Sekunden (Intervall = 10 Sekunden)
  // wird eine neue MQTT-Nachricht veröffentlicht)
  if (currentMillis - previousMillis >= interval) {

    previousMillis = currentMillis;
    // Neue BME280 Sensor Werte
    temp = bme.readTemperature();
    //temp = 1.8*bme.readTemperatur() + 32;
    hum = bme.readHumidity();
    pres = bme.readPressure()/100.0F;

    // Veröffentlichen einer MQTT-Meldung topic esp/bme280/temperature
    uint16_t packetIdPub1 = mqttClient.publish(MQTT_PUB_TEMP, 1, true, String(temp).c_str());
    Serial.printf("Publishing on topic %s at QoS 1, packetId: %i ", MQTT_PUB_TEMP, packetIdPub1);
    Serial.printf("Message: %.2f \n", temp);

    // Veröffentlichen einer MQTT-Nachricht topic esp/bme280/humidity
    uint16_t packetIdPub2 = mqttClient.publish(MQTT_PUB_HUM, 1, true, String(hum).c_str());
    Serial.printf("Publishing on topic %s at QoS 1, packetId: %i ", MQTT_PUB_HUM, packetIdPub2);
    Serial.printf("Message: %.2f \n", hum);

    // Veröffentlichen einer MQTT-Meldung topic esp/bme280/pressure
    uint16_t packetIdPub3 = mqttClient.publish(MQTT_PUB_PRES, 1, true, String(pres).c_str());
    Serial.printf("Publishing on topic %s at QoS 1, packetId: %i ", MQTT_PUB_PRES, packetIdPub3);
    Serial.printf("Message: %.3f \n", pres);
  }
}

RAW code

C++ Programm Wemos D1 Mini 2

/*************************************************************************************************
                                      PROGRAMMINFO
**************************************************************************************************
Funktion: WEMOS D1 R2 mini MQTT Node A89_NodeMCU_Multisensor
**************************************************************************************************
Version: 14.04.2021
**************************************************************************************************
Board: WEMOS D1 R2 mini
**************************************************************************************************
C++ Arduino IDE V1.8.13
**************************************************************************************************
Einstellungen:
https://dl.espressif.com/dl/package_esp32_index.json
http://dan.drown.org/stm32duino/package_STM32duino_index.json
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/espressif/arduino-esp32/gh-pages/package_esp32_dev_index.json
**************************************************************************************************
Librarys
- PubSubClient.h

LDR ->    A0
Relais -> D0
PIR->     D1
DS18B20-> D2
LED ->    D6

**************************************************************************************************/


// Load libraries
#include <ESP8266WiFi.h>
#include <PubSubClient.h>
#include <OneWire.h>
#include <DallasTemperature.h>


const char* ssid     = "R2-D2";
const char* password = "xxx";


const char* mqtt_server = "192.168.1.110";

WiFiClient espClient;
PubSubClient client(espClient);

String temperatureString = "";

const int output = 15;
const int statusLed = 12;
const int motionSensor = 5;
const int ldr = A0;

String outputState = "off";

const int oneWireBus = 4;

OneWire oneWire(oneWireBus);

DallasTemperature sensors(&oneWire);

unsigned long now = millis();
unsigned long lastMeasure = 0;
boolean startTimer = false;
unsigned long currentTime = millis();
unsigned long previousTime = 0;


void setup_wifi() {
  delay(10);

  Serial.println();
  Serial.print("Connecting to ");
  Serial.println(ssid);
  WiFi.begin(ssid, password);
  while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
    delay(500);
    Serial.print(".");
  }
  Serial.println("");
  Serial.print("WiFi connected - ESP IP address: ");
  Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());
}

void callback(String topic, byte* message, unsigned int length) {
  Serial.print("Message arrived on topic: ");
  Serial.print(topic);
  Serial.print(". Message: ");
  String messageTemp;

  for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
    Serial.print((char)message[i]);
    messageTemp += (char)message[i];
  }
  Serial.println();

  if(topic=="esp8266/output"){
    Serial.print("Changing output to ");
    if(messageTemp == "on"){
      digitalWrite(output, LOW);
      Serial.print("on");
    }
    else if(messageTemp == "off"){
      digitalWrite(output, HIGH);
      Serial.print("off");
    }
  }
  Serial.println();
}

void reconnect() {

  while (!client.connected()) {
    Serial.print("Attempting MQTT connection...");

    String clientId = "ESP8266Client-";
    clientId += String(random(0xffff), HEX);

    if (client.connect(clientId.c_str())) {
      Serial.println("connected");
      client.subscribe("esp8266/output");
    } else {
      Serial.print("failed, rc=");
      Serial.print(client.state());
      Serial.println(" try again in 5 seconds");
      // Wait 5 seconds before retrying
      delay(5000);
    }
  }
}

RAW code

Flow 1 für den Import in Node-RED

[
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        "id": "2b566407.d5918c",
        "type": "tab",
        "label": "Flow 1",
        "disabled": false,
        "info": ""
    },
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        "id": "5a45b8da.52b0d8",
        "type": "mqtt in",
        "z": "2b566407.d5918c",
        "name": "",
        "topic": "esp/bme280/temperature",
        "qos": "1",
        "datatype": "auto",
        "broker": "6f6ed074.6ae5f",
        "x": 270,
        "y": 120,
        "wires": [
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        "type": "ui_gauge",
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        "name": "",
        "group": "37de8fe8.46846",
        "order": 2,
        "width": 0,
        "height": 0,
        "gtype": "gage",
        "title": "Temperatur",
        "label": "ºC",
        "format": "{{value}}",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "40",
        "colors": [
            "#00b500",
            "#f7df09",
            "#ca3838"
        ],
        "seg1": "",
        "seg2": "",
        "x": 550,
        "y": 120,
        "wires": []
    },
    {
        "id": "8ff168f0.0c74a8",
        "type": "mqtt in",
        "z": "2b566407.d5918c",
        "name": "",
        "topic": "esp/bme280/humidity",
        "qos": "1",
        "datatype": "auto",
        "broker": "8db3fac0.99dd48",
        "x": 260,
        "y": 200,
        "wires": [
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    },
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        "type": "ui_gauge",
        "z": "2b566407.d5918c",
        "name": "",
        "group": "37de8fe8.46846",
        "order": 2,
        "width": 0,
        "height": 0,
        "gtype": "gage",
        "title": "Luftfeuchte",
        "label": "%",
        "format": "{{value}}",
        "min": "10",
        "max": "80",
        "colors": [
            "#53a4e6",
            "#1d78a9",
            "#4e38c9"
        ],
        "seg1": "",
        "seg2": "",
        "x": 550,
        "y": 200,
        "wires": []
    },
    {
        "id": "294f7eea.999d72",
        "type": "mqtt in",
        "z": "2b566407.d5918c",
        "name": "",
        "topic": "esp/bme280/pressure",
        "qos": "1",
        "datatype": "auto",
        "broker": "8db3fac0.99dd48",
        "x": 260,
        "y": 280,
        "wires": [
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        ]
    },
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        "name": "",
        "group": "37de8fe8.46846",
        "order": 4,
        "width": 0,
        "height": 0,
        "gtype": "gage",
        "title": "Luftdruck",
        "label": "hPa",
        "format": "{{value}}",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1200",
        "colors": [
            "#b366ff",
            "#8000ff",
            "#440088"
        ],
        "seg1": "",
        "seg2": "",
        "x": 540,
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        "wires": []
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    {
        "id": "6f6ed074.6ae5f",
        "type": "mqtt-broker",
        "name": "",
        "broker": "192.168.1.110",
        "port": "1883",
        "clientid": "",
        "usetls": false,
        "compatmode": false,
        "keepalive": "60",
        "cleansession": true,
        "birthTopic": "",
        "birthQos": "0",
        "birthPayload": "",
        "closeTopic": "",
        "closeQos": "0",
        "closePayload": "",
        "willTopic": "",
        "willQos": "0",
        "willPayload": ""
    },
    {
        "id": "37de8fe8.46846",
        "type": "ui_group",
        "name": "Frankyhub MQTT BME280",
        "tab": "53b8c8f9.cfbe48",
        "order": 1,
        "disp": true,
        "width": "6",
        "collapse": false
    },
    {
        "id": "8db3fac0.99dd48",
        "type": "mqtt-broker",
        "name": "",
        "broker": "192.168.1.110",
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        "clientid": "",
        "usetls": false,
        "compatmode": false,
        "keepalive": "60",
        "cleansession": true,
        "birthTopic": "",
        "birthQos": "0",
        "birthPayload": "",
        "closeTopic": "",
        "closeQos": "0",
        "closePayload": "",
        "willTopic": "",
        "willQos": "0",
        "willPayload": ""
    },
    {
        "id": "53b8c8f9.cfbe48",
        "type": "ui_tab",
        "name": "Home",
        "icon": "dashboard",
        "order": 2,
        "disabled": false,
        "hidden": false
    }
]

RAW code

Flow 2 für den Import in Node-RED

[
    {
        "id": "94cf8e9e.4c4dc",
        "type": "tab",
        "label": "Flow 2",
        "disabled": false,
        "info": ""
    },
    {
        "id": "c78da7aa.0ef3e8",
        "type": "mqtt in",
        "z": "94cf8e9e.4c4dc",
        "name": "",
        "topic": "esp8266/temperature",
        "qos": "2",
        "datatype": "auto",
        "broker": "6f6ed074.6ae5f",
        "x": 280,
        "y": 300,
        "wires": [
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            ]
        ]
    },
    {
        "id": "eb30e74b.9ca058",
        "type": "mqtt out",
        "z": "94cf8e9e.4c4dc",
        "name": "",
        "topic": "esp8266/output",
        "qos": "",
        "retain": "",
        "broker": "8db3fac0.99dd48",
        "x": 480,
        "y": 60,
        "wires": []
    },
    {
        "id": "e8ad8388.38fc9",
        "type": "ui_switch",
        "z": "94cf8e9e.4c4dc",
        "name": "",
        "label": "Output",
        "group": "9a1861f8.88c6d",
        "order": 0,
        "width": 0,
        "height": 0,
        "passthru": true,
        "decouple": "false",
        "topic": "",
        "style": "",
        "onvalue": "on",
        "onvalueType": "str",
        "onicon": "",
        "oncolor": "",
        "offvalue": "off",
        "offvalueType": "str",
        "officon": "",
        "offcolor": "",
        "x": 230,
        "y": 60,
        "wires": [
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            ]
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    },
    {
        "id": "92c8e523.183738",
        "type": "mqtt in",
        "z": "94cf8e9e.4c4dc",
        "name": "",
        "topic": "esp8266/ldr",
        "qos": "2",
        "datatype": "auto",
        "broker": "6f6ed074.6ae5f",
        "x": 250,
        "y": 220,
        "wires": [
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    },
    {
        "id": "e96d7d26.26dfb",
        "type": "mqtt in",
        "z": "94cf8e9e.4c4dc",
        "name": "",
        "topic": "esp8266/motion",
        "qos": "2",
        "datatype": "auto",
        "broker": "8db3fac0.99dd48",
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        "wires": [
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        "type": "ui_text",
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        "group": "9a1861f8.88c6d",
        "order": 0,
        "width": 0,
        "height": 0,
        "name": "",
        "label": "PIR Status:",
        "format": "{{msg.payload}}",
        "layout": "row-spread",
        "x": 490,
        "y": 140,
        "wires": []
    },
    {
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        "z": "94cf8e9e.4c4dc",
        "name": "",
        "group": "9a1861f8.88c6d",
        "order": 0,
        "width": 0,
        "height": 0,
        "gtype": "gage",
        "title": "LDR",
        "label": "Luminosity",
        "format": "{{value}}",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1023",
        "colors": [
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            "#e6e600",
            "#ca3838"
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        "seg1": "",
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        "x": 510,
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        "wires": []
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        "type": "ui_chart",
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        "name": "",
        "group": "9a1861f8.88c6d",
        "order": 0,
        "width": 0,
        "height": 0,
        "label": "Temperatur",
        "chartType": "line",
        "legend": "false",
        "xformat": "HH:mm:ss",
        "interpolate": "linear",
        "nodata": "",
        "dot": false,
        "ymin": "",
        "ymax": "",
        "removeOlder": 1,
        "removeOlderPoints": "",
        "removeOlderUnit": "3600",
        "cutout": 0,
        "useOneColor": false,
        "useUTC": false,
        "colors": [
            "#1f77b4",
            "#aec7e8",
            "#ff7f0e",
            "#2ca02c",
            "#98df8a",
            "#d62728",
            "#ff9896",
            "#9467bd",
            "#c5b0d5"
        ],
        "outputs": 1,
        "useDifferentColor": false,
        "x": 490,
        "y": 300,
        "wires": [
            []
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    },
    {
        "id": "6f6ed074.6ae5f",
        "type": "mqtt-broker",
        "name": "",
        "broker": "192.168.1.110",
        "port": "1883",
        "clientid": "",
        "usetls": false,
        "compatmode": false,
        "keepalive": "60",
        "cleansession": true,
        "birthTopic": "",
        "birthQos": "0",
        "birthPayload": "",
        "closeTopic": "",
        "closeQos": "0",
        "closePayload": "",
        "willTopic": "",
        "willQos": "0",
        "willPayload": ""
    },
    {
        "id": "8db3fac0.99dd48",
        "type": "mqtt-broker",
        "name": "",
        "broker": "192.168.1.110",
        "port": "1883",
        "clientid": "",
        "usetls": false,
        "compatmode": false,
        "keepalive": "60",
        "cleansession": true,
        "birthTopic": "",
        "birthQos": "0",
        "birthPayload": "",
        "closeTopic": "",
        "closeQos": "0",
        "closePayload": "",
        "willTopic": "",
        "willQos": "0",
        "willPayload": ""
    },
    {
        "id": "9a1861f8.88c6d",
        "type": "ui_group",
        "name": "Frankyhub Multi-Dashboard",
        "tab": "897e8f0f.c94fb",
        "order": 1,
        "disp": true,
        "width": "6",
        "collapse": false
    },
    {
        "id": "897e8f0f.c94fb",
        "type": "ui_tab",
        "name": "Frankyhub MQTT Dashboard",
        "icon": "dashboard",
        "disabled": false,
        "hidden": false
    }
]

RAW code

Dashboard 1 (Node-RED IP-Adresse/ui)

Serieller Monitor 1

Node-RED Flow 1

Dashboard 2

Serieller Monitor 2

Node-RED Flow 2

Einfache Erweiterung von Node-RED um die Funktion "Licht"

Erweiterung der Funktion "Licht" im Dashboard 2

Erweiterung von Node-RED um die Funktion "ESP1" (Switch D5 mit Debug-Funktion)

Schalten und dimmen mit dem "ESP1" Dashboard

Erweiterung von Node-RED um die Funktion "LED-STRIPE"

Erweiterung von Node-RED um die Funktion "LED-STRIPE"

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